Building construction.



H. B. COPELAND.

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

Patented Jan. 14, 1913.

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S SHEET 1,

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H. B. COPELAND.

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

APPLIGATION FILED snmz, 1910.

lpmfigga Patented Jan. 14, 1913.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

P IiT HUGH BLACK COPELAND, OF DENVER, COLORADO.

Surname cons'rnucrrou.

Specification of Letters Yatent.

Patented Jan.1d,1913.

Application filed September *2, 1910. Serial No. 580,248.

' To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HUGH B. COPELAND, of Denver, in the county of Denver. State of Colorado, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Building Construction; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part'of this specification, and to the figures and letters of reference marked thereon.

This invention relates to concrete building construction in which a wall having inherent stability is produced without the employment of temporary external or internal forms.

' said slabs becoming incorporated in and tion. Fig. 3 is a section in a vertical forming a permanent part of the wall. In such prior structures however there was little or no latitude allowed either for alining and positioning the slabs in relation to each other or for permitting of pilastered or ornamental facing construction, nor has provision been made whereby the facing slabs could be rigidly yet adjustably connected together in such manner that the thickness of the wall could be varied or the slabs applied to previously erected metallic framing or reinforcement members.

()ne of the obj ects of the present invention is to provide a construction whereby the aforesaid diihculties will be eliminated, making it possible to produce a concrete structure of pleasing architectural design with the use of slabs of practically uniform dimensions and construction and to embody in a building, a wall of this construction where it is desired to employ metal framing or reinforcement members which must be erected preliminarily to the formation oi: the inclosing walls themselves.

Referring to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is a sectional perspective of a por tion of the wall of a bullding constructed in accordance with the present inventionv and showing at the left hand side a pillar or floor support. Fig. 2 is a section in a horizontal plane through a portion of a wall constructed in accordance with the invenplane substantially on the lined-3, of Fig. 2, and showing a window opening in the wall.

Fig. 4 is a section in a horizontal plane through the pillar substantially on the line 4- of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 of a pair of slabs anchored together and occupying the correct relative position for use in a wall constructed in accordance with this invention. Fig. 6 is a plan view, partly in section, of the connected slabs shown in Fig. 5.

Like letters of reference in the several figures indicate the same parts.

For the construction of a wall in accordance with the present invention, slabs are preliminarily prepared of reinforced concrete and Where the slabs are to form the permanent facing of the wall without paintis an end elevationin'g, plastering or other finish, they are provided with a permanent facing of tiles, such, for instance, as indicated by the letter A, and a backing B of concrete in which packing there is incorporated longitudinally extending reinforcing members B and expanded metal or wire mesh B near the inner faces of the slabs. The reinforcing members B, or screw threaded nuts B thereon embedded inthe concrete slabs, are adapted to form anchor retaining members whereby the anchors for the slabs may be rigidly but adjustably connected with the slabs for a purpose which will presently appear. The slabs as thus constructed may have marble, tile, glass or other prepared surface finish on one face and they are adapted to be assembled in the wall in pairs, spaced apart a sutlicie'nt distance to receive cementiticus concrete filling in a plastic condition. The slabs are rigidly connected so as to'be separable from each other by rigid adjustable anchors, preferably in the form of short threaded rods or' bolts C, the ends of which pass into the inner face of the slabs and are screwed into the nuts B before mentioned. Jam nuts C on the bolts or rods C are adapted to be clamped against the inner faces of the slabs, thereby forming a rigid lock connection with the slab and permitting each individual slab to be positioned transversely in the wall so as to properly aline with previously positioned slabs, or where desired the slabs may be spaced apart sufiiciently far to form ornamental designs in the wall. By the substitution of longer anchors, as shown at C in Fig. 2, the slabs may be overlapped to form pilasters, as shown at D in Figs. 1 and 2. The anchors C may, if desired, be formed in sections and larly at the floor structure of great the sections connected rigidly together by intermediate threaded sleeves E, thus providing a convenient means for etl ecting the relative lateral adjustment of the slabs, or a convenient means whereby the slabs may be connected together rigidly but separately, particularly where they are to be located on opposite sides of previously erected metal training or reinforcement, such as the fibeams l constituting the training oi the building. Not only do the anchors the1nselves form metallic reinforcing members but where desired they may constitute the supports for other reinforcing members such, for instance, as indicated at Gr, in Fig. 2, or they may serve for the rigid attachment ct diagonal reinforcing members particulines, as indicated at H in l.

buildinra was in accordance with this invention, the slabs in each side of the wall are laid edge to edge and for connecting their proximate edges they may be pro vided with edge chambers such as shown in i ig. 5 at a or a for the reception of pins. The chambers in the proximate edges of adjacent blocks are preferably made one round as at a for holding the connecting pin, and the other elongated as at c, whereby v a sufficient latitude is provided for the move.

ment of the pins H1 bringing the slabs into alinement or tor allowing the slabs to settle in the mortar or cement placed between the slabs. 'lhe slabs are all positioned in the wall and adjusted with relation to each other to give proper surface conformation or contoum and will be held rigidly in such position by the connecting anchors thereby forming permanent molds tor the reception of the cementitious concrete which is poured in and allowed toset tor the completion of the permanent wall.

Where it is desired to form window openings N in Fig. 3, or where it is desired to form cells in the well, this may be accomplished by utilizing the rigid anchors for supporting cement retaining partitions U thus excluding the plastic cementitious ma terial from those'portions of the wall where it is desired to form the cells or openings through the walls. This construction permits the walls to be formed solid and reinforced by metal reinforcing members throughout those portions intended to bear the building loads and cellular or hollow throughout those portions where no loads are to be borne but at the-seine time the slabs forming the sides of the well, both in the solids and in the cellular portions are rigidly connected together so as to make a strength and not liable to be cracked or broken by irregular settlement resulting in the production of shearhe invention is particularly adapted for a sence use in situations where the slabs on opposite sides of the wall iuclose metal reinforcing members and thus readily lends its-ell to the formation of supporting pillars, which pillars include in their construction vertically arranged metal posts or columns. Thus as shown in Figs. 1 and 4 the vertical metal column l is entirely surrounded by slabs Z0 placed ede'e to edge and riddly connected by the ad gustable anchors p thereby forming a permanent mold for the reception of the plastic cementitious concrete in which the column l and the additional reinforcing members F are embedded. ld ith this construction, the facing slabs are all adjusted in their permanent positions the exterior finished at one operation-during the erection of the structure. The slabs are permanently and rigidly connected so that they cannot be displaced by the pressure enerted by the plastic filling and the latter when set, unite the whole structure solidly into a monolith completely embedding and protecting all oil the metallic elements.

Having thus described my invention what it claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1.. in concrete building construction the combination with internal metal reinforcing members, oppositely disposed concrete slabs inc-losing said reinforcing members and rigid anchors rigidly connected with and forming rigid connections between the slabs inclosing the reinforcing members said anchors embodying means whereby slabs connected. by the anchors may be sep arated for application on opposite sides of the metal reinforcing members and adjusted with relation to eacn other to position. each slab independently of the other and cementitious concrete continecl'by the slabs and in which the reinforcing members and anchors are embedded.

2. ln building construction, a wall embodying a plurality ct concrete slabs spaced apart to term the inner and outer sides of the wall, the slabs tor-min each side being arranged edge to edge and transversely extending rigid anchors rigidly oonnectceil with and donning ri '6; connections between oppositely disposed s abs said anchors being termed in separable sections adjust-ably con nected; whereby the slabs may be separated.

for application and adjuste on opposite sides of reinforcing members or lring and will themselves form retaining walls or molds tor a filling of plastic cementitious material.

3. ln buildin apart to form the inner and outer sies of the wall, the slabs forming each side being arranged edge to edge and having edgekcy receiving chambers therein transverse y enlarged to permit at relative adjustment of construction a wall embodg a plum ity of concrete slabs saced proximate slabs; transversely extendin rigid anchors rigidly connected with an forming rigid connections between oppositely isposed slabs said anchors being formed in separable sections adjustably connected, metallic members extendin 1n the plane of the wall between both the s abs and anchors and cementitious concrete filling the spaces between oppositely disposed slabs and embedding the metallic members and anchors.

4. In concrete building construction an internal metal member, concrete slabs laid edge to edge on opposite sides of the metal member, ri id metal anchors rigidly connecting an detachably connected to the slabs whereby the slabs may be individually positioned to inclose the metal members and cementitious concrete filling the chamber formed by the slabs and embedding the metal member and anchors connecting the slabs.

5. In concrete building construction, an internal metal member, concrete slabs in-. closing said member and having imperiorate exterior faces whereb finished faces are formed by the slabs t emselves, rigid metal anchors rigidly connecting and the slabs may be individually positioned to inclose the metal member, and cementitious concrete in the chamber formed by the slabs in which concrete the metal member and anchors are embedded.

HUGH BLACK COPELAND. Witnesses:

M. F. MEEns, GEO. LI'1'1'LE,J1.

dej 'tachably connected with the slabs, whereby 

